Abstract Background Cognitive functioning hugely affects the performance of tasks of different complexity. Memory, one of the most important cognitive skills, allows children to practice and acquire necessary skills and knowledge and interact with the surrounding environment. Therefore, it is crucial to study the factors that influence the memory of children. The main purpose of his study was to investigate different variables related to memory in school aged children (5–9 years, N = 434). Methods Parents of the participants provided information about child’s daily behavior, child’s school academic achievement, work and family income data and demographics. Memory skills in children were assessed by using the Leiter International Performance Scale -Revised. Results The score of memory increased 2.53 points with upsurge in maternal occupation level, 3.08 points when the child ate breakfast and 4.51 points when the child daily slept nine hours and more. By contrast, increased family income and smoking by father resulted in decreased scores in memory. Conclusion Screening for and understanding of memory and relevant factors are vital for broad understanding of children’s capabilities and weaknesses as well as for developing appropriate interventions.