Objective: Pathogen distribution characteristics of nephrology patients with urinary tract infections are studied, and drug resistance of nephrology and urinary tract infection disease are analyzed, so as to provide sufficient evidence for treatment of patients. Methods: Conduct randomized control study of 3500 cases of nephrology patients with urinary tract infections treated in different hospitals from December 2013 to December 2015, isolate pathogens in patients’ urine samples, perform identification and drug sensitive test and then conduct detailed analysis of drug resistance of pathogens. Results: Through isolation of pathogens, it can be found that all pathogens include Escherichia coli, Gram-positive cocci, gram-negative bacteria, fungi, Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterococcus faecalis, and urinary Enterococcus. Among them, proportion of E. coli is the largest. Patients have relatively high drug resistance to ceftriaxone, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and cotrimoxazole. Conclusion: For nephrology patients with urinary tract infection, the main pathogen is E. coli, which has had some drug resistance. Drug resistance detection of pathogen should be strengthened in clinics, so as to provide strong guidance for clinical treatment and promote effective treatment of patients.