In the 90s in the liturgical life of the Serbian Church the so-called Byzantine chant was introduced, which has caused no small earthquakes among Serbian clerics and believers. This phenomenon was a part of the general Orthodox renewal movement, both in terms of worship and in theological thoughts, and in ecclesiastical artistic expression. New - Byzantine or Greek melos instituted unjustified ethnofiletistic emotions that are often the main criterion in assessing which melodies can follow worship in the Serbian church. On one side were the defenders of traditional national Serbian chant. On the other side were the chantors who, in accordance with the Church Slavonic text template, have adapted the melodies according to Bulgarian, but also the Greek neum records. The paper gives an overview of the main trends in polemics pro et contra mentioned chanting variants. The starting point is liturgical axioms in order to critically review the non-church, specifically emotional and ethnofiletistic criteria that in assessing which chanting variants are suitable for "Serbian" worship guided by advocates of folk/national religion, national church, and therefore national church singing.