The purpose. This article is devoted to the systems analysis of theoretical and practical aspects of forming of social security system of orphans and children deprived of parental care. Methodology. Covered a topical issue – placement of the orphans and deprived of parental care children. Characterized each form of the children placement emphasizing their fundamental difference and problem questions, consequences and lacks of such determination, are lighted up. Results. Offered a new approach to the forms of the children placement. Modern realities of the state development need considerable rethinking of essence of social security of children, and accordingly raising of new tasks which this system is called to decide, and mechanisms of realization of social security of children, which must be adequate to the markets conditions. Essence and functions of population social security of orphans and children deprived of parental care, are analyzed in the article. Practical meaning. Analysis of management activity in the field of social arrangement of children tells that the main its result is the arrangement of orphans and children deprived of parental care into the different forms of arrangements (adoption, guardianship (trusteeship), foster home, orphanage of family type, care home). We offer to consider the process of quality estimating with help of indicators of efficiency in depends on the priority in arrangement form of child (efficiency of management activity in the questions of adoption (Ead), efficiency of management activity in the questions of guardianship (trusteeship) (Eg), efficiency of management activity in the questions of foster homes creation (Efh), efficiency of management activity in the questions of creation family type orphanage, (Ecfto) efficiency of management activity in the questions of care homes creation (Echc)and general efficiency of management activity in the field of social arrangement of children (Earr). Value/originality. This approach makes it possible to improve the oversight function of the regional administration for further planning and adjustments of the management activities effectiveness indicators in the region.