Objective: To explore the application value of alanyl glutamine in improving the acute inflammatory reaction and immunological function in elderly patients with intestinal obstruction. Methods: A total of 97 elderly patients with intestinal obstruction who were admitted in our hospital were included in the study and randomized into the treatment group (n=49) and the control group (n=48). The patients in the control group were given total parenteral nutrition (TPN) treatment. On this basis, the patients in the treatment group were given intravenous injection of alanyl glutamine for 1 week. The plasma prealbumin, albumin, serum related cytokines, L/M, and DAO before and after treatment in the two groups were detected. The serum immunoglobulin and T lymphocyte subsets before and after treatment in the two groups were compared. Results: The plasma prealbumin and albumin levels after treatment in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the serum CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in the two groups were significantly reduced when compared with before treatment, and those in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group. When compared with before treatment, L/M and plasma DAO level after treatment in the control group were significantly elevated, while those in the observation group were significantly reduced, and the comparison between the two groups was statistically significant. The serum IgG and IgA levels after treatment in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The serum CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+/CD8+ after treatment in the two groups were significantly elevated when compared with before treatment, and those in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Conclusions: Alanyl glutamine in the treatment of elderly intestinal obstruction can significantly improve the acute inflammatory reaction and immunological function, with a significant efficacy.