Sufficient and feasible supplies of clean water are essential to the world's wellbeing, condition and economy. As of now impressive difficulties are confronted in taking care of rising requests of consumable water as the accessible supplies of freshwater are diminishing because of developed dry seasons, Decrease in water quality because of expanding groundwater and surface water contamination and expanding requests from users. The problem of access to safe water is inevitable and requires tremendous research to devise new, cheaper technologies for purification of water. Advances in Nano scale science and engineering suggest that many of the current problems involving water quality could be resolved or greatly ameliorated. The capacity to see Nano-surveyed materials has opened a universe of potential outcomes in an assortment of businesses and logical attempts. Since nanotechnology is basically an arrangement of strategies that permit control of properties at a little scale. This paper gives a review of the utilization of nanomaterial in water filtration. We highlight late advances on the improvement of Nano scale materials and procedures for treatment of surface water, groundwater and modern wastewater contaminated by harmful metal particles, radio nuclides, natural and inorganic solutes, microorganisms and infections.