Despite being an obscure pharaoh who ruled for a very short time, Tutankhamun, the boy king, has reigned popular consciousness since the discovery of his tomb in 1922. To endocrinologists, the depiction of the kings of the 18 th dynasty in an androgynous form complete with gynecomastia has been a source of intrigue and academic curiosity. Many explanations abound. But is the depiction just stylized art? Or did the kings indeed have familial gynecomastia, or aromatase excess with craniosynostosis. An inspired team of researchers used molecular genetic tests to truly lay the Tut controversy to rest..