Phytochemical study of the EtOAc fraction (active extract) of the fruits of Ulmus pumila L. resulted in the isolation of thirteen flavane derivatives, and they were identified by their precise spectral data and literature. All the compounds (1-13) were obtained from the fruits of U. pumila L. for the first time. Meanwhile, the compounds (1-13) were assayed for their hepatoprotective and neuroprotective activities, respectively. Compounds 1, 2, 5, 7 and 8 (10μM) exhibited remarkable hepatoprotective activities, and compounds 9, 10, and 13 showed significant neuroprotective activities with IC50 values of 4.08, 5.34, and 2.02μM, respectively.