In 95 % of Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients, chromosomal translocation resulting in the formation of the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome (t:9;22) is observed, which in turn leads to the formation of the BCR-ABL fusion gene. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small and non-coding RNAs modulating gene expression via binding to the target mRNAs. We aimed to characterize the expression profiles of various miRNAs in different stages of Ph(+) CML patients.This case-controlled study was conducted in 75 CML patients and 25 healthy controls. The subjects were categorized into 4 groups; newly diagnosed patients, treatment-response patients, treatment-failure patients, and healthy controls. Expressions of miRNAs was analyzed by RT-PCR.miR-150 expression was downregulated in the treatment failure patients compared to the control group (p = 0.003212) while miRNA 148b expression up-regulated in the treatment failure patients than the control group (p = 0.038016). miR-10a expression was up-regulated in newly diagnosed and treatment response patients compared to control group (p = 0.003934, p = 0.000292, respectively). It was found that miR-10a expression increased 11.17- fold in newly diagnosed patients and 9.82-fold in treatment response patients than in the control group.Our data suggest that expression profiles of miR-10a, miR-150, and miRNA 148b were correlated as biomarker and therapeutic tool in Turkish patients with CML (Tab. 2, Fig. 1, Ref. 30).