Francesca Cinti,* Simona Moffa,* Flavia Impronta,* Chiara MA Cefalo, Vinsin A Sun, Gian Pio Sorice, Teresa Mezza, Andrea Giaccari Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are the latest therapeutic strategy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Using an insulin-independent mechanism (glycosuria), they reduce glucose toxicity and improve insulin sensitivity and β-cell function. The promising results obtained in clinical trials show that SGLT2 significantly improves glycemic control and provides greater cardiovascular protection, combined with a reduction in body weight and blood pressure (BP). This review focuses on ertugliflozin, a new, highly selective, and reversible SGLT2 inhibitor. Clinical trials published to date show that ertugliflozin, both as a monotherapy and as an add-on to oral antidiabetic agents, is safe and effective in reducing glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body weight, and BP in T2DM patients. Keywords: antidiabetic drugs, glycosylated hemoglobin, glycemic control, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, precision medicine, type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, weight reduction