Introduction: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an increasingly common cause of esophagitis in children and adults that requires intensive monitoring and treatment to prevent complications. Objective: To review the literature available about EoE in children, namely the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Development: EoE can affect any person at any age. Irritability, food refusal and failure to thrive are classic features that appear in childhood, while dysphagia and food impaction occur more characteristically in schoolchildren and young adult. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsies specimens of different parts of the esophagus is essential for the diagnosis of EoE. The treatment is based on three main pillars: elimination diets, pharmacotherapy and esophageal dilation. The aim is a symptomatic and histological response to reduce the risk of injury of the esophagus and to improve quality of life. In children (and more recently in adults) various types of elimination diets were effective in reducing eosinophilic inflammation. In older children and adults, swallowed topical corticosteroids have often been used. Conclusion: EoE is an emerging disease with diagnostic criteria and treatment options proved to be effective. Early diagnosis is important to prevent complications. A less invasive biomarker for diagnosis and monitoring of EoE has not yet been found. A multidisciplinary team is importante to manage these patients.