The work is dedicated to description of Russian settlements patterns using spatial statistics. Spatial statistics is a powerful analysis method which reveals the properties of 2D point distributions. The methods differ from each other in issues to solve: for cluster analysis (Morishita index, create histogram), distribution characteristics estimation (the k-Morishita index, B-function, index lakunarity), clustering (k-means, ISODATA) and other. The capabilities of modern GIS programs for these methods are described. New instruments for calculation of kMorishita index and B-function are programmed using Python language. Then all regions of Russia are analyzed to reveal the potential of spatial statistics in description of city distribution patterns and their differences. Results are used in compilation of the map "Regional specific features of human settlements location in Russia".