Multiple studies demonstrate poor musculoskeletal palpation accuracy of physiatry residents. With the growing use of ultrasound clinically, it could serve as a powerful educational tool. However, there are no published studies examining the efficacy of ultrasound-aided education at the bedside, where much learning takes place during postgraduate training.To determine if brief ultrasound-aided teaching improves residents' accuracy and confidence of musculoskeletal palpation.Before/After Trial.Academic Institution.Ten Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation residents were voluntary participants.Each resident was given a survey to assess confidence in palpating the hook of the hamate and medial calcaneal tubercle. They then attempted to palpate and place a marker over these two structures in a model patient. Marker placement accuracy was verified by ultrasound. Faculty spent less than one minute per landmark, sonographically teaching its correct localization. The resident, after moving to a new model patient, was then re-tested on accurate marker placement for both landmarks. A repeat survey to assess confidence was administered.Pre-intervention and post-intervention accuracy and confidence of correct localization of both landmarks.We used McNemar and Wilcoxon tests to determine whether the intervention improved the location accuracy and confidence of successful palpation, respectively. Confidence level of correct localization of two landmarks improved on average from 4.3 to 8.15 on a scale of 10 after intervention. Out of 20 palpation attempts, 11 correctly placed the marker post-intervention after an incorrect placement, 8 made no change, and one changed from correct to incorrect placement. The odds of improvement in accuracy was 11 (95% CI = 1.60-473.47, P < 0.01). Both tests showed significant improvements after the intervention at the significance level of 0.05.Brief, ultrasound-aided teaching increases accuracy and confidence of residents' musculoskeletal palpation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.