Chlorine dioxide (ClO) has been widely used as an effective disinfectant to control fungal contamination during postharvest crop storage. In this study, f. sp. SP-f6 from the black rot symptom of sweetpotato was isolated and identified using phylogenetic analysis of elongation factor 1-α gene; we further examined the and inhibitory activities of ClO gas against the fungus. In the medium tests, fungal population was significantly inhibited upon increasing the concentration and exposure time. In tests, spore suspensions were drop-inoculated onto sweetpotato slices, followed by treatment using various ClO concentrations and treatment times to assess fungus-induced disease development in the slices. Lesion diameters decreased at the tested ClO concentrations over time. When sweetpotato roots were dip-inoculated in spore suspensions prior to treatment with 20 and 40 ppm of ClO for 0-60 min, fungal populations significantly decreased at the tested concentrations for 30-60 min. Taken together, these results showed that ClO gas can effectively inhibit fungal growth and disease development caused by f. sp. on sweetpotato. Therefore, ClO gas may be used as a sanitizer to control this fungus during postharvest storage of sweetpotato.