Different conceptual synthetic approaches to the elaboration of a new family of planar polynuclear nitrogen containing aromatic heterocycles – the dihydrodipyridopyrazines – are reviewed: the arynic reaction, the sequence palladium coupling reaction - substitution - reduction - cyclization - substitution or through the intermediacy of Smiles rearrangement. Further functionalization of these compounds by substitution reaction, metalation sequence and palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction are also discussed.