Electric-Field-Induced Phase Transformation and Frequency-Dependent Behavior of Bismuth Sodium Titanate-Barium Titanate.

Electric-Field-Induced Phase Transformation and Frequency-Dependent Behavior of Bismuth Sodium Titanate-Barium Titanate.

Lee, Kai-Yang;Shi, Xi;Kumar, Nitish;Hoffman, Mark;Etter, Martin;Checchia, Stefano;Winter, Jens;Lemos da Silva, Lucas;Seifert, Daniela;Hinterstein, Manuel;
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) 2020 Vol. 13
229
lee2020electricfieldinducedmaterials

Abstract

The electric field response of the lead-free solid solution (1-)BiNaTiO-BaTiO (BNT-BT) in the higher BT composition range with = 0.12 was investigated using in situ synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. An introduced Bi-excess non-stoichiometry caused an extended morphotropic phase boundary, leading to an unexpected fully reversible relaxor to ferroelectric (R-FE) phase transformation behavior. By varying the field frequency in a broad range from 10 up to 10 Hz, BNT-12BT showed a frequency-dependent gradual suppression of the field induced ferroelectric phase transformation in favor of the relaxor state. A frequency triggered self-heating within the sample was found and the temperature increase exponentially correlated with the field frequency. The effects of a lowered phase transformation temperature T, caused by the non-stoichiometric composition, were observed in the experimental setup of the freestanding sample. This frequency-dependent investigation of an R-FE phase transformation is unlike previous macroscopic studies, in which heat dissipating metal contacts are used.

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