The study was designed to evaluate the impact of differentiated technological innovation efficiencies of industrial enterprises on the local emissions of environmental pollutants in Anhui province, China, during the period of 2012-2016. The econometric models of DEA and SEM-PLS and Malmquist index are used to explore the potential impacts of differentiated technological innovation efficiencies of industrial enterprises on the local emissions of environmental pollutants in Anhui province. After an initial analysis of SEM-PLS model, the models of DEA and Malmquist index are used to evaluate the differentiated degrees and dynamic development levels of local technological innovation efficiencies of industrial enterprises in different regions of Anhui province. With these analyses, the study presents three main results as follows. There is a positive correlation between the technological innovation efficiencies of industrial enterprises and the technological performance levels of environmental disposal. Meanwhile, there is a large gap among the environmental disposing performances of industrial enterprises in different regions of Anhui province. There is also a large gap between the expected and actual technological performances of industrial enterprises' environmental disposal, according to the results of SEM-PLS analysis. Furthermore, there are several obvious characteristics of geographical distribution in the impact of differentiated technological innovation efficiencies of industrial enterprises on local environmental pollutant emissions observed from the results of the DEA and Malmquist index models. However, it is not consistent with the overall provincial development trend and regional distribution pattern of industrial economics in Anhui province over the period of 2012-2016. Under the rapid development of social economics and modern technological advance, there is a weak impact of differentiated technological innovation efficiency on the technological performance of industrial environmental disposal in different regions of Anhui province. Meanwhile, the environmental disposal capacity of enterprises' technological innovation become declining too. Finally, some countermeasures and policy suggestions are put forward based on the investigation and comprehensive analyses of the DEA and SEM-PLS and Malmquist index models.