Microbial spectrum and drug-resistance profile of isolates causing bloodstream infections in febrile cancer patients at a referral hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Balew Arega,1,2 Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel,2 Kelemework Adane,3 Abdulaziz A Sherif,4 Daniel Asrat2 1College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, 2Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, 3Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, 4Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Background: The spectrum of pathogens causing bloodstream infections (BSIs) in cancer patients has shown significant fluctuations in different geographical areas and time. We studied the microbial spectrum and drug-resistance profile of pathogens causing BSIs in febrile cancer patients at a referral hospital in Ethiopia.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2011 and June 2012 at Tikur Anbessa Hospital in Addis Ababa. Blood cultures from febrile cancer patients