To study the survival time and influencing factors of HIV/AIDS cases who began receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) from 2005 to 2015 in Tianjin. Data related to HIV/AIDS cases that receiving ART between 2005 and 2015 in Tianjin, were collected from the Chinese HIV/AIDS Basic Information Management System. A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze data of collection. Life table was used to calculate the survival proportion and Cox proportion hazard regression model was used to analyze the factors associated to the time of survival. A total of 2 057 HIV/AIDS cases were involved, including 51 died from AIDS related disease, ending up with the survival rates of 1, 3, 5 and 10 years as 98.4%, 97.8%, 97.4% and 95.8%, respectively. Results from the multivariate Cox proportion hazard regression model showed that when comparing with the cases aged<30 years, a (95) of the cases aged 30-39 years, 40-49 years, 50 years or above appeared as 4.506 (1.226-9.059), 5.944 (1.479-13.892) and 15.958 (5.309-27.206) respectively. When comparing with the cases having no loss of follow-up during ART process, the a of the cases having lost of follow-up during ART was 5.645 (95: 3.124-10.200). When comparing with the cases diagnosed by other institutions, the a of the cases diagnosed by hospitals was 3.823 (95: 1.423-10.274). When compared with the cases had no hepatitis B or hepatitis C before ART, a of the cases with hepatitis B or C prior to ART was 2.580 (95:1.210-5.502). Compared with the cases receiving ART at Ⅰ/Ⅱ clinical stages, the a of the cases at Ⅲ/Ⅳ clinical stages was 3.947 (95: 2.167-7.188). Compared with the cases with junior high school education or below, the a of the cases with high school education or above was 0.440 (95: 0.238-0.810). Compared with the cases diagnosed before operation, a of the cases from special investigation and from counseling and testing (VCT) were 0.111 (0.027-0.456) and 0.182 (0.049-0.674) respectively. The survival rate of HIV/AIDS cases that received ART was high in Tianjin. Risk factors related to the survival of cases would include: old age when started receiving ART, loss of follow-up during ART, diagnosed by hospitals, co-infected with hepatitis B or hepatitis C and receiving ART at Ⅲ/Ⅳ clinical stages. Meanwhile, protective factors related to the survival of cases would include: having high school or above education, diagnosis was made through other special programs or from VCT services.