Enantioenriched 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds are versatile synthons in natural product and pharmaceutical drug synthesis. We herein report a mild pathway for an efficient enantioselective synthesis of these compounds directly from aldehydes through the synergistic cooperation of a neutral eosin Y hydrogen atom transfer photocatalyst and a chiral rhodium Lewis acid catalyst. This protocol is distinguished by its operational simplicity, abundant feedstocks, atom-economy, and generating products in high yields (up to 99%) and high enantioselectivities (up to 99%  ee ).