The manufacturing industry is undergoing transformation and upgrading from traditional manufacturing to intelligent manufacturing, in which Internet of Things (IoT) technology plays a central role in promoting the development of intelligent manufacturing. In order to solve the problem that low production efficiency and machine utilization lead to serious pollution emissions in the workshop caused by untimely transmission of information in all links of the production and manufacturing process to whole supply chains, this study establishes an intelligent production scheduling and logistics delivery model with IoT technology to promote green and sustainable development of intelligent manufacturing. Firstly, an application framework of IoT technology in production–delivery supply chain systems was established to improve efficiency and achieve the integration of production and delivery. Secondly, an integrated production–delivery model was constructed, which takes into account time and low carbon constraints. Finally, a two-layer optimization algorithm was proposed to solve this integration problem. Through a case study, the results show this integration production–delivery model can reduce the cost of supply chains and improve customer satisfaction. Moreover, it proves that carbon emission cost is a major factor affecting total cost, and it could help enterprises to realize the profit and sustainable development of the environment. The production–delivery model could also support the last kilometer distribution problem and extension under E-commerce applications.