Bacterial Density and Biofilm Structure Determined by Optical Coherence Tomography.

Bacterial Density and Biofilm Structure Determined by Optical Coherence Tomography.

Hou, Jiapeng;Wang, Can;Rozenbaum, René T;Gusnaniar, Niar;de Jong, Ed D;Woudstra, Willem;Geertsema-Doornbusch, Gésinda I;Atema-Smit, Jelly;Sjollema, Jelmer;Ren, Yijin;Busscher, Henk J;van der Mei, Henny C;
Scientific reports 2019 Vol. 9 pp. 9794
235
hou2019bacterialscientific

Abstract

Optical-coherence-tomography (OCT) is a non-destructive tool for biofilm imaging, not requiring staining, and used to measure biofilm thickness and putative comparison of biofilm structure based on signal intensity distributions in OCT-images. Quantitative comparison of biofilm signal intensities in OCT-images, is difficult due to the auto-scaling applied in OCT-instruments to ensure optimal quality of individual images. Here, we developed a method to eliminate the influence of auto-scaling in order to allow quantitative comparison of biofilm densities in different images. Auto- and re-scaled signal intensities could be qualitatively interpreted in line with biofilm characteristics for single and multi-species biofilms of different strains and species (cocci and rod-shaped organisms), demonstrating qualitative validity of auto- and re-scaling analyses. However, specific features of pseudomonas and oral multi-species biofilms were more prominently expressed after re-scaling. Quantitative validation was obtained by relating average auto- and re-scaled signal intensities across biofilm images with volumetric-bacterial-densities in biofilms, independently obtained using enumeration of bacterial numbers per unit biofilm volume. The signal intensities in auto-scaled biofilm images did not significantly relate with volumetric-bacterial-densities, whereas re-scaled intensities in images of biofilms of widely different strains and species increased linearly with independently determined volumetric-bacterial-densities in the biofilms. Herewith, the proposed re-scaling of signal intensity distributions in OCT-images significantly enhances the possibilities of biofilm imaging using OCT.

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33344
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