The paper analyses two provisions of the Act of 10 May 2018 on Personal Data Protection. It describes the structure and characteristic features of acts which obstruct or frustrate an inspection of compliance with personal data protection provisions. The paper emphasises the importance of powers held by a supervisory authority, the President of the Office for Personal Data Protection, especially in the context of the EU legislation. The article also gives examples of interrelationship between the controller and the entity that is controlled and discusses the way this impacts criminal liability. It presents a comparative analysis of the said provision alongside its analogous provision which is related to inspection carried out under Article 55 of the Act of 14 December 2018 on Personal Data Protection in Connection with Preventing and Fighting Crime. The final conclusions include some proposals for, inter alia, the analysis of problems noted by the Personal Data Protection Office while conducting control proceedings in the years 2018–2019.