Introduction: Academic procrastination as an irrational and voluntary delay behavior is a common phenomenon among university students which is associated with many variables in personality and behavior. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between personality dimensions (neuroticism, conscientiousness) and self-esteem with academic procrastination on students of University of Medical Sciences in Qom. Methods: In this descriptive correlation study during 1396-97, A sample of 194 students from Medical Sciences University of Qom were selected by stratified random sampling method based on gender, six colleges. Data were collected through a standard questionnaire, Neo personality dimension, Rosenberg self-esteem and Savari academic procrastination. Data analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test and multiple regression step by step. Results: There was a significant negative relationship between neuroticism with academic procrastination (P=000, r= -0/310), and conscientiousness with academic procrastination (P=000, r= -0.544), and self-esteem with academic procrastination (P=000, r= -0/336). There was a significant difference between male and female students average scores in neuroticism, conscientiousness and self-esteem with academic procrastination (P=0.01). Finally, the results of regression analysis showed that only conscientiousness predicted academic procrastination. Conclusion: Regarding the findings, planners have to create a positive personality trait in the students by providing a scientific joyful environment in order to increase their self-esteem and, consequently, reduce academic procrastination.