National Center for Biotechnology Information NCBI NLM MEDLINE Mice animals pubmed abstract nih national institutes of health national library of medicine research support non-u.s. gov't female male N.I.H. Extramural signal transduction* Knockout transgenic epithelium / metabolism male / metabolism genitalia gene silencing androgens / pharmacology epithelium / embryology male / embryology* mesoderm / metabolism pmid:21586556 pmc3115609 doi:10.1210/en.2011-0263 shinichi miyagawa daisuke matsumaru gen yamada epithelium / drug effects female / drug effects female / embryology female / metabolism male / drug effects hedgehog proteins / genetics hedgehog proteins / metabolism* hypospadias / chemically induced hypospadias / embryology hypospadias / metabolism kruppel-like transcription factors / genetics kruppel-like transcription factors / metabolism* mesoderm / drug effects mutant proteins / genetics mutant proteins / metabolism sex determination processes* testosterone propionate / pharmacology urethra / drug effects urethra / embryology urethra / metabolism zinc finger protein gli2