This article is about the main challenges India's new Prime Minister, Narendra Modi, will face in his first term as a newly appointed Pm. Having recently been elected, this may, in an election process that represented the biggest blow that the former ruling party, the National Congress, has suffered in its entire history. This is a severe question to the legitimacy of the Nehru-Gandhi dinasty. The article reflects upon the policies India is adopting and the new challenges regarding foreign relations with other emerging economies like Pakistan, China and Japan, as well as internal concerns, such as lack of energetic and hidraulic infrastructure, on top of that the poverty issue is putting a lot of pressure on the new Pm. Will he be up to the task?