Conor J McCann, Ian BA MenownCraigavon Cardiac Centre, Craigavon Area Hospital, Craigavon, Northern Ireland, UKAbstract: New data have re-established the importance of anticoagulation of patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), both as an adjuvant to reperfusion therapy or in patients ineligible for reperfusion. Recent randomized trials have found newer agents to be superior to conventional unfractionated heparin. This article summarizes current understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of STEMI and provides a comprehensive review of emerging trial data for low molecular weight heparins, anti-factor Xa agents and direct thrombin inhibitors in this setting.Keywords: myocardial infarction, treatment, anticoagulants