The understanding of the pathophysiological events of wound healing is very important to carry out the prevention or treatment of hypertrophic scars. Wound healing is a complex process consisting of the overlapping events, and the researchers have focused on the pathophysiology of the scar formation. The purpose of this article is to review the recent experimental studies about hypertrophic scars, and to analyze the substances focused on by recent experimental studies. We analyzed the researches for new hopeful treatment modalities as well as the substances that are important to wound healing in the second part of this extensive review. The researchers have tried to find a way to scarless wound healing, and it seems likely that new therapies will be available within the next few years. [Arch Clin Exp Surg 2013; 2(1.000): 49-58]