Deep hole machining accuracy plays a crucial role in product’s quality. The results of an investigation into the machining accuracy of deep drilling holes which highlights problems of bore diameter enlargement magnitude assessment are presented in this paper. Through the study of BTA deep drilling tool properties and mechanism, as well as the formation rule of deep hole surface, clarified the burnishing mechanism of guide pad in deep hole drilling, and obtained the directly relationship between surface formation rule and the guide pad. After drilling experimentrevealed the effect of guide pad on bore diameter enlargement magnitude.