Background: Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a key enzyme in lipid metabolism, and has important role for uptake of lipoproteins from plasma. The effect of acute exercise on adipose tissue LPL is not yet elucidated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the response of adipose tissue LPL activity and its mRNA to acute exercise in male Wistar rats. Material and Methods: Twenty four male Wistar rats (weight: 388±31 g) randomly divided into 2 groups: control (n=12) and trained (n=12). The exercised rats ran on treadmill for 120 minutes (18 m/min). After anesthetizing and killing the rats, blood and epididymal fat pad samples were taken at 0, 2, and 24 h after exercise. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to measure LPL mRNA level in adipose tissue. Data were analyzed with using repeated measurment ANOVA. The alpha level was established at P<0.05. Results: The results showed that adipose tissue LPL mRNA significantly increased immediately (F=14.98, P=0.01), 2 (F=3.97, P=0.01), and 24 (F=2.48, P=0.001) hours after exercise in comparison with control. Also, LPL activity in adipose tissue significantly increased immediately (F=2.06, P=0.02), 2 (F=3.05, P=0.001), and 24 (F=0.729, P=0.003) hours after exercise. Conclusion: Elevation of adipose tissue LPL activity following acute exercise means up to 24 after exercise plasma triglyceride reduced and deposited in adipose tissue. These confirmed the positive effect of even one session of exercise on lipid metabolism.