Objective: This study conducted to assess the Neonatal Mortality Rate in Baghdad City during the last ten years (2008-2017).   Method: This study conducted at AL-Elwaya Maternity Hospital in Baghdad City: Retrospective study for the last ten years ago (2008-2017) regarding Neonatal Mortality Rate. This study started in October 2017 to Fab. 2018. The data regarding neonatal mortality rate was achieved from the data that recorded in the statistical department in the hospital.   Results: shows meaningful S-Shape auto- regression model tested in two tailed alternative statistical hypothesis for two factors, time sequence per (years) factor as (Independent), and number of dead birth factor as (Dependent). Slope value estimated and indicating that with increasing of inverse transformation of one lagged of period factor (one year), occurrence a positive increment on natural logarithm transformation of the unit of dead birth number, and that estimated by (-0.95284), and that increment recorded highly significant and positive effectiveness at P<0.01, as well as strong and highly significant correlation ship at P<0.01 between studied factors, and accounted (0.69863), with meaning determination coefficient R-Square  (48.808%), which explanation disturbances among the numbers of dead birth along the studied periods. Conclusions: The results of this study show that the Neonatal Mortality Rate increased with the time sequence for the last ten years (2008-2017) in AL-Elwaya Maternity Hospital in Baghdad City.