Tumor grade and pT stage are significant prognostic factors in non-muscle-invasive papillary urothelial bladder carcinoma (BC) therefore  these indicators are of great importance. The purpose of the investigation was to determine whether molecular biological markers (Ki-67 level, p53, CK20, and c-erbB-2 expression) may specify the grade and invasive potential of papillary urothelial
BC. The investigators examined the specimens taken after transurethral resection of the bladder from 57 patients (46 men and 11 women) aged 24 to 75 years (mean age 56 ± 1.5 years) with non-muscle-invasive papillary urothelial BC referring to as a moderate and poor prognostic group according to the EORTC scoring system, who had received combined treatment at the Medical Radiology Research Center in 1998 to 2005 (the postoperative follow-up was 2 to 9 years).