The paper presents the conceptual basis of the theories: Behaviorism, Gestalt, Cognitive Psychology, and the Historic-Cultural Psychology. The essential categories of these theories were validated in a population of 2704 courses at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT (USA). The research seeks the relationship of theories with course design and student learning process supported by ICTs. The results for a sample of 629 open courseware analyzed gives the conclusion that the concepts of the theory of Piaget are the most influential in the process of eLearing of students in a 49.92%.