The aim of the present study is the validation of the implementation of an
actuator disc (ACD) model in the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code
PHOENICS. The flow behaviour for three wind turbine cases is investigated
numerically and compared to wind tunnel measurements: (A) the flow around a
single model wind turbine, (B) the wake interaction between two in-line model
wind turbines for a uniform inflow of low turbulence intensity and (C) the
wake interaction between two in-line model wind turbines at different
separation distances in a uniform or sheared inflow of high turbulence
intensity. This is carried out using Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS)
simulations and an ACD technique in the CFD code PHOENICS. The computations
are conducted for the design condition of the rotors using four different
turbulence closure models and five different thrust distributions. The
computed axial velocity field as well as the turbulence kinetic energy are
compared with hot-wire anemometry (HWA) measurements. For the cases with two
in-line wind turbines, the thrust coefficient is also computed and compared
with measurements. The results show that for different inflow conditions and
wind turbine spacings the proposed method is able to predict the overall
behaviour of the flow with low computational effort. When using the
k-ε and Kato–Launder k-ε turbulence models the
results are generally in closer agreement with the measurements.