This study aimed to analyze the conception of users on the prevention of cervical cancer in a primary care unit of a State of Bahia, to identify the knowledge of the users about prevention and risk factors for cervical cancer; ascertain the understanding of the users regarding the importance of this test and know the frequency with which users do preventive screening, to identify possible interference for this exam.Descriptive, exploratory study, qualitative, conducted a Basic Health Unit of a State of Bahia in a preventive service with 10 users in the age group 25-60 years, using a semistructured interview. The results showed that the respondents have an incipient knowledge about the prevention of cervical, particularly in relation to cancer risk factors. As to the timing of the Pap smear, the majority reported making between one and two years and marking the biggest difficulty was pointed out in the exam. Thus, it is necessary to wider dissemination to women about the risk factors of cervical cancer, providing greater focus on educational activities as well as the awareness of managers to invest in public health policies, effecting the right to health guaranteed by constituent, expanding its range of preventive screening making the service accessible to all women screening.