The objective of the work was to determine diagnostic and predictive value of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in case of acute kidney injury in full-term infants with signs of severe perinatal pathology. A comprehensive clinical and paraclinical examination has been carried out in 95 newborns, of whom 65 infants had disorders of the functional renal state, and 30 children were diagnosed with acute kidney injury. A high sensitivity (100 %) and specificity (91.4 %) of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin has been found in urine during diagnostics of acute kidney injury in critically ill full-term newborns. High diagnostic value of this index is proved by diagnostic accuracy (94.7 %) and high AUROC index (0.97); high predictive value — by high parameters of a positive predictive value (88.0 %) and negative predictive value (100.0 %). A threshold level of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin was detected to be higher than 589 mcg/g of creatinine that is indicative of the formation of acute kidney injury in full-term newborns with severe perinatal pathology. Considering a high predictive and diagnostic value, the authors recommend to apply this method of identification of acute kidney injury in the practical work of neonatal intensive care units.