The UC Integrated Hardwood Range Management Program (IHRMP) was born 20 years ago out of controversy over managing California's 10 million acres of oak woodlands. Back then, major concerns included poor oak regeneration and ongoing woodland losses. “The question was, what to do about it?” says IHRMP director James Bartolome, a UC Berkeley range ecologist. “State regulation or research and outreach?” The California legislature opted for the latter and established the IHRMP in October 1986.