The relation between artefactual variability and social identities in the archaeological record is one of the main issues of the archaeological research, regardless of the theoretical approach. In Brazilian archaeology, this question has being approached under the concepts of phase and tradition, although their applications are not in tune with the theoretical debate on technology produced throughout the last 40 years, by the anthropology of techniques and studies of technological style. We will discuss the implications of such perspective in the interpretation of the archaeological record from the upper Sinos river valley, Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil.