Nowadays, many researchers focus on the relocation of the government in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements，this paper accomplished the following study：1. New Public Governance Theory and Complex Adaptive System Theory are applied to the field the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, it is found that the role of the government in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements should transfer from a direct participant to an environment creator. 2. Through the empirical analysis of the relevant laws and policies published by local government in China, we find no significant change in the role of government in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. 3. Through the above theoretical study and empirical analysis, we put forward two policy advices to help government to make relevant policies, and promote the efficiency and process of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. One is to finish the transformation of the government role in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements from a macro view. The other is to re-construction of the system of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.