Probing Majorana neutrinos with double-β decay
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Probing Majorana neutrinos with double-β decay

M. Agostini;A. M. Bakalyarov;M. Balata;I. Barabanov;L. Baudis;C. Bauer;E. Bellotti;S. Belogurov;A. Bettini;L. Bezrukov;D. Borowicz;V. Brudanin;R. Brugnera;A. Caldwell;C. Cattadori;A. Chernogorov;T. Comellato;V. D’Andrea;E. V. Demidova;N. Di Marco;A. Domula;E. Doroshkevich;V. Egorov;R. Falkenstein;M. Fomina;A. Gangapshev;A. Garfagnini;M. Giordano;P. Grabmayr;V. Gurentsov;K. Gusev;J. Hakenmüller;A. Hegai;M. Heisel;S. Hemmer;R. Hiller;W. Hofmann;M. Hult;L. V. Inzhechik;J. Janicskó Csáthy;J. Jochum;M. Junker;V. Kazalov;Y. Kermaïdic;T. Kihm;I. V. Kirpichnikov;A. Kirsch;A. Kish;A. Klimenko;R. Kneißl;K. T. Knöpfle;O. Kochetov;V. N. Kornoukhov;P. Krause;V. V. Kuzminov;M. Laubenstein;A. Lazzaro;M. Lindner;I. Lippi;A. Lubashevskiy;B. Lubsandorzhiev;G. Lutter;C. Macolino;B. Majorovits;W. Maneschg;M. Miloradovic;R. Mingazheva;M. Misiaszek;P. Moseev;I. Nemchenok;K. Panas;L. Pandola;K. Pelczar;L. Pertoldi;P. Piseri;A. Pullia;C. Ransom;S. Riboldi;N. Rumyantseva;C. Sada;E. Sala;F. Salamida;C. Schmitt;B. Schneider;S. Schönert;A.-K. Schütz;O. Schulz;M. Schwarz;B. Schwingenheuer;O. Selivanenko;E. Shevchik;M. Shirchenko;H. Simgen;A. Smolnikov;L. Stanco;D. Stukov;L. Vanhoefer;A. A. Vasenko;A. Veresnikova;K. von Sturm;V. Wagner;A. Wegmann;T. Wester;C. Wiesinger;M. Wojcik;E. Yanovich;I. Zhitnikov;S. V. Zhukov;D. Zinatulina;A. Zschocke;A. J. Zsigmond;K. Zuber;G. Zuzel;GERDA Collaboration;M. Agostini;A. M. Bakalyarov;M. Balata;I. Barabanov;L. Baudis;C. Bauer;E. Bellotti;S. Belogurov;A. Bettini;L. Bezrukov;D. Borowicz;V. Brudanin;R. Brugnera;A. Caldwell;C. Cattadori;A. Chernogorov;T. Comellato;V. D’Andrea;E. V. Demidova;N. Di Marco;A. Domula;E. Doroshkevich;V. Egorov;R. Falkenstein;M. Fomina;A. Gangapshev;A. Garfagnini;M. Giordano;P. Grabmayr;V. Gurentsov;K. Gusev;J. Hakenmüller;A. Hegai;M. Heisel;S. Hemmer;R. Hiller;W. Hofmann;M. Hult;L. V. Inzhechik;J. Janicskó Csáthy;J. Jochum;M. Junker;V. Kazalov;Y. Kermaïdic;T. Kihm;I. V. Kirpichnikov;A. Kirsch;A. Kish;A. Klimenko;R. Kneißl;K. T. Knöpfle;O. Kochetov;V. N. Kornoukhov;P. Krause;V. V. Kuzminov;M. Laubenstein;A. Lazzaro;M. Lindner;I. Lippi;A. Lubashevskiy;B. Lubsandorzhiev;G. Lutter;C. Macolino;B. Majorovits;W. Maneschg;M. Miloradovic;R. Mingazheva;M. Misiaszek;P. Moseev;I. Nemchenok;K. Panas;L. Pandola;K. Pelczar;L. Pertoldi;P. Piseri;A. Pullia;C. Ransom;S. Riboldi;N. Rumyantseva;C. Sada;E. Sala;F. Salamida;C. Schmitt;B. Schneider;S. Schönert;A.-K. Schütz;O. Schulz;M. Schwarz;B. Schwingenheuer;O. Selivanenko;E. Shevchik;M. Shirchenko;H. Simgen;A. Smolnikov;L. Stanco;D. Stukov;L. Vanhoefer;A. A. Vasenko;A. Veresnikova;K. von Sturm;V. Wagner;A. Wegmann;T. Wester;C. Wiesinger;M. Wojcik;E. Yanovich;I. Zhitnikov;S. V. Zhukov;D. Zinatulina;A. Zschocke;A. J. Zsigmond;K. Zuber;G. Zuzel;GERDA Collaboration;
Science 2019 Vol. 365 pp. 1445-1448
200
agostini2019scienceprobing

Abstract

Neutrinos—elementary fermionic particles with no electrical charge—defy the standard model of particle physics by having a tiny, but nonzero mass. One explanation for their properties is that they are Majorana fermions, which are particles equal to their antiparticles. If neutrinos were Majorana fermions, a process called neutrinoless double-β decay would become possible: an unstable nucleus could decay by turning two of its neutrons into protons with the emission of two electrons but no antineutrinos. The GERDA Collaboration searched for this decay in a particular isotope of germanium. Housed deep underground to reduce the background signal, the experiment did not detect the elusive process but did place improved boundaries on its half-life. Science , this issue p. [1445][1] A discovery that neutrinos are Majorana fermions would have profound implications for particle physics and cosmology. The Majorana character of neutrinos would make possible the neutrinoless double-β (0νββ) decay, a matter-creating process without the balancing emission of antimatter. The GERDA Collaboration searches for the 0νββ decay of 76Ge by operating bare germanium detectors in an active liquid argon shield. With a total exposure of 82.4 kg⋅year, we observe no signal and derive a lower half-life limit of T 1/2 > 0.9 × 1026 years (90% C.L.). Our T 1/2 sensitivity, assuming no signal, is 1.1 × 1026 years. Combining the latter with those from other 0νββ decay searches yields a sensitivity to the effective Majorana neutrino mass of 0.07 to 0.16 electron volts. [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aav8613

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DOI:
10.1126/science.aav8613
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https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav8613

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