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Research Article

The Effect of Integrative Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Existential Therapy for a Client with Complex Comorbidity of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder with Existential Anxiety: A Single-Subject Experimental Study

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Rene Calandria , Dennis Madrigal , Mark Ortibano
Psych Educ Multidisc J, 2026, 57 (5), 517-538, DOI: https://doi.org/10.70838/pemj.570502, ISSN 2822-4353
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Abstract

An integrative therapy model that combines CBT and Existential Therapy, grounded in a strong therapeutic relationship, offers a flexible and effective approach for addressing complex mental health issues and supporting personal growth, especially in individuals with overlapping conditions. This experimental study assessed the efficacy of integrated CBT-Existential Therapy as a therapeutic approach on clients diagnosed with complex comorbidity of PTSD, ADHD, and Existential Anxiety. An A-B-A single-subject experimental design was employed, providing a systematic and visual representation of how this integrative approach affects the client's condition across phases. Visual analysis of the data showed that integrative CBT-Existential therapy led to significant improvements in anxiety, depression, existential anxiety, ADHD symptoms, PTSD, and certain personality domains, with stable gains in mood, cognition, and social functioning. The findings suggest that integrative CBT-Existential therapy is an effective and safe intervention for decreasing anxiety, depression, ADHD symptoms, PTSD severity, and some maladaptive personality traits.
Keywords psychology philippines Experimental Method CBT-existential therapy A-B-A single subject design
Authors 3
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The team behind this paper

3 authors, 3 institutions.

This paper Inova Psychiatric Assessment Center — Philippines Inova Psychiatric Asses… 1 author University of Negros Occidental — Philippines University of Negros Oc… 1 author St. Camillus Premium Healthcare Services St. Camillus Premium He… 1 author Rene Calandria — corresponding author RC Rene Calandria ✉ Dennis Madrigal DM Dennis Madrigal Mark Ortibano MO Mark Ortibano

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602 reads over 5 months.

June 2026 October 2026

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SciMatic 0xc35709…277732 100,000 (10%)
Rene Calandria 0x749e83…0D0f25 300,000 (30%)
Dennis Madrigal 0xDc2a65…430d70 300,000 (30%)
Mark Ortibano 0xA4111A…dAEC8C 300,000 (30%)
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Bibliographic Information

Rene Calandria, Dennis Madrigal, Mark Ortibano, (2026). The Effect of Integrative Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Existential Therapy for a Client with Complex Comorbidity of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder with Existential Anxiety: A Single-Subject Experimental Study, Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 57(5): 517-538
Bibtex Citation
@article{rene_calandria2026pemj,
author = {Rene Calandria and Dennis Madrigal and Mark Ortibano},
title = {The Effect of Integrative Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Existential Therapy for a Client with Complex Comorbidity of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder with Existential Anxiety: A Single-Subject Experimental Study},
journal = {Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal},
year = {2026},
volume = {57},
number = {5},
pages = {517-538},
doi = {10.70838/pemj.570502},
url = {https://scimatic.org/index.php/show_manuscript/8015}
}
APA Citation
Calandria, R., Madrigal, D., Ortibano, M., (2026). The Effect of Integrative Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Existential Therapy for a Client with Complex Comorbidity of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder with Existential Anxiety: A Single-Subject Experimental Study. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 57(5), 517-538. https://doi.org/10.70838/pemj.570502

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