Research Article

Exploring the Antecedents of Child Labour and the Development of Out-of-School Youth: A Basis for Developing Infographics in Social Studies Education

501 reads
Psych Educ Multidisc J, 2025, 41 (7), 802-811, DOI: https://doi.org/10.70838/pemj.410703, ISSN 2822-4353
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Abstract

Child labor has become a painful struggle affecting the lives and future of children.  Using the descriptive and correlational research designs, the study determined the antecedents and development of 198 out-of-school youth engaged in child labor in the Province of Sultan Kudarat as a springboard for an infographic in teaching social studies.  Frequency, weighted mean, Pearson product-moment correlation, and analysis of variance were used in the data analysis.  Results indicated that poverty and insufficient financial resources are primary drivers of child labor in the region, adversely affecting both the social and educational development of children. A significant relationship emerged between the antecedents and the effects of child labor. The infographic developed from this research was rated as excellent, highlighting its potential as an effective educational tool in teaching social studies.

Keywords child labor antecedents Out-of-School Youth social studies education development, Sultan Kudarat
Authors 2

The team behind this paper

2 authors, 2 institutions.

This paper Busok National High School Department of Education — Philippines Busok National High Sch… 1 author Sultan Kudarat State University — Philippines Sultan Kudarat State Un… 1 author Rowen Hurtada — corresponding author RH Rowen Hurtada ✉ Cris John Bryan DelaCruz CD Cris John Bryan DelaCruz

Readership

501 reads over 16 months.

July 2025 October 2026

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This article is token #5703 of SciMatic Articles (ERC-1155): 1,000,000 tokens, minted once, never more. The chain also stores a fingerprint (SHA-256) of the article's record, so anyone can check that it has not been altered.

HolderWalletTokens
SciMatic 0xc35709…277732 100,000 (10%)
Rowen Hurtada 0x2120F3…ca5aB6 450,000 (45%)
Cris John Bryan DelaCruz 0xCDAe83…598520 450,000 (45%)
Content hash 0xf681ce5cb3edd2c335cb8eeee4dbae77252ce8a277321c88ac877c2e054f4f7d

Bibliographic Information

Rowen Hurtada, Cris John Bryan DelaCruz, (2025). Exploring the Antecedents of Child Labour and the Development of Out-of-School Youth: A Basis for Developing Infographics in Social Studies Education, Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 41(7): 802-811
Bibtex Citation
@article{rowen_hurtada2025pemj,
author = {Rowen Hurtada and Cris John Bryan DelaCruz},
title = {Exploring the Antecedents of Child Labour and the Development of Out-of-School Youth: A Basis for Developing Infographics in Social Studies Education},
journal = {Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal},
year = {2025},
volume = {41},
number = {7},
pages = {802-811},
doi = {10.70838/pemj.410703},
url = {https://scimatic.org/index.php/show_manuscript/5703}
}
APA Citation
Hurtada, R., DelaCruz, C.J.B., (2025). Exploring the Antecedents of Child Labour and the Development of Out-of-School Youth: A Basis for Developing Infographics in Social Studies Education. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 41(7), 802-811. https://doi.org/10.70838/pemj.410703

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