Development and Evaluation of Localized Instructional Materials in Araling Panlipunan 5

This study aimed to develop and evaluate localized instructional materials in Araling Panlipunan 5 for Grade 5 learners at Tayug Central Elementary School during School Year 2025–2026. Anchored on the Revised K to 12 Curriculum and the Department of Education’s policies on localization and contextualization, the study addressed the learners’ least mastered competencies through culturally relevant and community-based learning materials. It was guided by Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory and Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory, emphasizing concrete experiences and culturally meaningful contexts in learning. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) design based on the Borg and Gall (1989) model, involving needs analysis, design, development, expert evaluation, and revision. Learner performance records from the Second Academic Quarter were analyzed to identify least mastered competencies. Results showed difficulties in concepts related to culture, beliefs and traditions of early Filipino communities, and material culture, particularly Filipino arts, decoration, and architecture. Consequently, localized content incorporating the customs, traditions, beliefs, artistic expressions, and community practices of Tayug, Pangasinan, was integrated into the materials. Five experts evaluated the developed materials using the DepEd Script Evaluation Tool for Learning Materials, focusing on content, language, and format and design. All indicators were marked “Yes,” demonstrating compliance with DepEd evaluation criteria. The evaluators found the materials appropriate for instructional use and recommended minor revisions, particularly the addition of visual illustrations and correction of typographical errors. The study concludes that the developed localized materials are appropriate for instructional use and support contextualized, learner-centered instruction. It recommends continued development and evaluation of localized materials aligned with the Revised K to 12 Curriculum and learners’ community experiences.