From ‘HUH?’ To ‘AHA!’: Development and Validation of a Bilingual Workbook in Grade 7 Mathematics

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{"abstract":"Mathematics is often difficult for students struggling with language instruction, with a lack of accessible materials contributing to misconceptions and low performance. This study developed and validated a bilingual workbook for Grade 7 students to address language barriers and enhance understanding of mathematical concepts. Anchored on Cummins' Theory of Bilingualism and Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory, the study used a descriptive-developmental research design following the ADDIE model. A diagnostic test with 50 students identified least-learned competencies in Numbers and Algebra, such as “describe the set of integers” (MPS = 28.4%), “identify the absolute value of an integer, and its meaning on the number line” (MPS = 31.6%), and “simplify numerical expressions involving integers using number properties and the order of operations” (GEMDAS) (MPS = 32.8%). The workbook was validated by five experts (three Mathematics and two language teachers) and evaluated for usability by five pre-service teachers. The workbook received very high validity ratings for content validity (OM = 4.77) and acceptability (OM = 4.74). Content validity analysis showed all 22 items were rated valid by all experts, yielding a CVR of 1.00 for each item and an overall CVI of 1.00. Usability ratings from pre-service teachers were also very high (WM = 4.60). Results affirmed the bilingual workbook as a valid, highly acceptable, and useful tool for bridging linguistic gaps in Mathematics.","abstract_source":"gemini_shortened","authors":["Jeanly Juaniza","Jessa Mae Panilag","Rhumer Lañojan","Esmaida Andang-Alaiden","Jean Bergante"],"date":"2026-06-07","doi":"10.70838/pemj.570702","id":8057,"issue":7,"journal":{"issn":"2822-4353","name":"Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal"},"pdf_sha256":"92a55f595753d9eee234ef19b79e8e5e73b0d653f9f835ee6aec7ad3590c05ec","schema":"scimatic-article/1","title":"From ‘HUH?’ To ‘AHA!’: Development and Validation of a Bilingual Workbook in Grade 7 Mathematics","volume":57}

Check it yourself

1. The record, from the token's own metadata:

printf '%s' "$(curl -s https://scimatic.org/nft/articles/8057.json | jq -r .canonical_record)" | sha256sum

2. The hash stored on chain (contentHash(8057)):

curl -s https://rpc.scimatic.net -H 'content-type: application/json' \
  -d '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"eth_call","params":[{"to":"0x0E596B4bb924937aA35D9b342A90347ed6F05eF8","data":"0xf3e0c2900000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001f79"},"latest"]}'

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