The article analyzes journals, materials of scientific conferences, as well as other sources of information to collect reliable information about the effect of alcohol on morphological structures, vessels of the human brain. It is proved that when drinking alcohol, all human systems and organs are exposed to harmful effects. In acute and chronic alcoholism, as the concentration of alcohol in the blood increases, the cells of the cerebral hemispheres, then the medulla oblongata and spinal cord first react to its presence. The main blow is taken by the microvessels of the brain, where a violation of microcirculation is clearly noticeable.